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+"""ulist is a subclass of list where items cannot appear twice in the list.
+
+[1,2,2,3,3,4] is a valid list, whereas in ulist we can only have [1,2,3,4].
+
+__author__ = "gemalto https://www.gemalto.com/"
+
+Copyright 2001-2012 gemalto
+Author: Jean-Daniel Aussel, mailto:jean-daniel.aussel@gemalto.com
+
+This file is part of pyscard.
+
+pyscard is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by
+the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or
+(at your option) any later version.
+
+pyscard is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+
+You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License
+along with pyscard; if not, write to the Free Software
+Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA  02110-1301  USA
+"""
+
+
+class ulist(list):
+    """ulist ensures that all items are unique and provides an __onadditem__
+    hook to perform custom action in subclasses."""
+
+    #
+    # override list methods
+    #
+
+    def __init__(self, initlist=None):
+        if initlist is not None and initlist != []:
+            list.__init__(self, [initlist[0]])
+            for item in initlist[1:]:
+                if not list.__contains__(self, item):
+                    list.append(self, item)
+        else:
+            list.__init__(self, initlist)
+
+    def __add__(self, other):
+        newother = self.__remove_duplicates(other)
+        self.__appendother__(newother)
+        return self.__class__(list(self) + list(newother))
+
+    def __iadd__(self, other):
+        newother = self.__remove_duplicates(other)
+        self.__appendother__(newother)
+        list.__iadd__(self, newother)
+        return self
+
+    def __radd__(self, other):
+        newother = self.__remove_duplicates(other)
+        return list.__add__(self, newother)
+
+    def append(self, item):
+        if not list.__contains__(self, item):
+            list.append(self, item)
+            self.__onadditem__(item)
+
+    def insert(self, i, item):
+        if not list.__contains__(self, item):
+            list.insert(self, i, item)
+            self.__onadditem__(item)
+
+    def pop(self, i=-1):
+        item = list.pop(self, i)
+        self.__onremoveitem__(item)
+        return item
+
+    def remove(self, item):
+        list.remove(self, item)
+        self.__onremoveitem__(item)
+
+    #
+    # non list methods
+    #
+
+    def __remove_duplicates(self, _other):
+        """Remove from other items already in list."""
+        if (
+            not isinstance(_other, type(self))
+            and not isinstance(_other, type(list))
+            and not isinstance(_other, list)
+        ):
+            other = [_other]
+        else:
+            other = list(_other)
+
+        # remove items already in self
+        newother = []
+        for _ in range(0, len(other)):
+            item = other.pop(0)
+            if not list.__contains__(self, item):
+                newother.append(item)
+
+        # remove duplicate items in other
+        other = []
+        if newother:
+            other.append(newother[0])
+            for _ in range(1, len(newother)):
+                item = newother.pop()
+                if item not in other:
+                    other.append(item)
+        return other
+
+    def __appendother__(self, other):
+        """Append other to object."""
+        for item in other:
+            self.__onadditem__(item)
+
+    def __onadditem__(self, item):
+        """Called for each item added. Override in subclasses for adding
+        custom action."""
+
+    def __onremoveitem__(self, item):
+        """Called for each item removed. Override in subclasses for
+        adding custom action."""